Breakthroughs in Alcohol Addiction: The Latest in Treatment for AUD

Alcohol misuse is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States. According to the CDC, about 178,000 people die from excessive use each year. These deaths happen from either drinking too much on one occasion or alcohol addiction, where you end up drinking alcohol over the course of several years.

Of these deaths, two-thirds were from chronic conditions which develop from consuming alcohol over time. These include several types of cancer, liver disease, heart disease, and alcohol use disorder. The other one-third were from binge drinking – which increases the risk of alcohol poisoning, car accidents, death by suicide, and alcohol-involved drug overdoses.

Alcohol use disorder, or alcoholism, happens when you can’t stop drinking even when you know that drinking affects your health, puts your safety at risk, and damages your relationships with friends and family members. AUD can be mild, moderate, or severe – and different treatment options exist to stop alcohol use and improve quality of life. We’ll explore the latest in treatment for AUD in this post.

The Evolution of Alcohol Addiction Treatment

For centuries, society has struggled to manage alcohol addiction. Early treatments mostly relied on abstinence, support groups, and faith-based interventions, with Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) emerging in the 1930s as a prominent program for those aiming to stop drinking.

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Over the decades, we’ve seen the integration of therapeutic approaches like behavioral therapy, which focuses on identifying and changing harmful thought patterns. However, while valuable, these traditional methods have not always been effective for everyone with AUD. Today, with advancing science, treatment for AUD is becoming more targeted, offering new hope for those battling this condition.

Modern Advances in Treating Alcohol Use Disorder

Recent scientific breakthroughs have led to innovative treatments, each aiming to address the complexities of alcohol dependence. From new medications to emerging therapies, let’s look at the cutting-edge treatments reshaping recovery.

Medications and New Pharmaceutical Options

Medications like naltrexone, acamprosate, and disulfiram, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), have been used to help people stop drinking by reducing cravings or creating aversive reactions to alcohol. Yet, these medications have varied results, often depending on individual factors like genetics and co-occurring mental health conditions. New drugs are now being tested in clinical trials to increase success rates and reduce side effects.

Gene Therapy: Targeting the Brain’s Reward Pathways

Gene therapy is an exciting new approach for treating AUD, particularly in cases where other methods haven’t worked. This treatment involves targeting the brain’s “reward system”—the part of the brain that’s linked to cravings and pleasure. When you drink alcohol, your brain releases dopamine, a “feel-good” chemical, which creates a rewarding feeling that can lead to addiction over time.

In gene therapy, scientists inject a particular molecule into specific brain areas to help “reset” this dopamine pathway. This molecule stimulates cell growth in areas linked to alcohol dependence, reducing the brain's urge to drink. The gene therapy that researchers use for AUD is the same one that’s used in Parkinson’s disease and may help reset the brain’s dopamine reward pathways and lower the intense cravings that make it difficult for people to stop drinking.

Gene therapy is still in the clinical trial phase, meaning it’s primarily available in research settings. Since it involves brain surgery, it’s only being tested for people with the most severe cases of AUD. Yet, the early results are promising—gene therapy may offer hope for those who struggle with the toughest withdrawal symptoms and alcohol dependence.

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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, or rTMS, is a non-invasive treatment that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate specific brain areas. In the case of alcohol addiction, these magnetic pulses can help reduce cravings by influencing the brain’s reward and addiction pathways.

During an rTMS session, a device is placed near the scalp, creating magnetic fields that pass through the skull to reach the brain. This process is painless, and many people find it convenient since it doesn’t require medications or invasive procedures.

Studies have shown that rTMS can lower alcohol consumption by changing the way the brain responds to cravings, making it easier for people to avoid drinking. If you’re looking to avoid medications or you’ve not found success with other methods, rTMS could be a great option.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy, or CBT, is one of the most trusted methods for treating alcohol addiction. Unlike traditional talk therapy, CBT is action-oriented—it’s designed to help you recognize and change the thoughts and behaviors that keep you stuck in patterns of drinking.

In CBT sessions, you work with a therapist to figure out what triggers your cravings, understand why you turn to alcohol and learn practical skills to respond differently in those moments. It’s a hands-on approach, giving you strategies to use in real-life situations, even after therapy ends.

CBT is also incredibly flexible. It can be paired with medications, mindfulness practices, or other therapies, making it an excellent fit for creating a well-rounded treatment plan. Because it’s backed by years of research, you can feel confident knowing this approach has helped many people break free from addiction and build healthier habits for the long term.

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Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: Psilocybin and New Horizons

Another promising development is psilocybin, the active compound in magic mushrooms. Researchers are exploring how it might help reduce heavy drinking, and the results are impressive.

In a recent double-blind clinical trial at NYU Langone Health, people with alcohol use disorder who received psilocybin-assisted therapy showed an 83% reduction in heavy drinking compared to a 51% reduction in those who received a placebo. These results suggest that psilocybin could play a key role in treating alcohol addiction by altering the brain’s reward system and reducing cravings.

While it’s still an emerging area of study, these findings are encouraging. Psilocybin could eventually become a powerful tool for people struggling with alcohol addiction, especially when used in a supportive, therapeutic setting.

Holistic Approaches: Mindfulness, Nutrition, and Whole-Person Care

Treating AUD often requires more than just addressing the physical aspects of substance use disorder; a holistic approach that includes mindfulness practices and nutritional support is becoming more common in recovery plans. Mindfulness practices, like meditation and yoga, can help you become more aware of your triggers and manage cravings as they come up. It’s all about building mental resilience and finding calm in moments when you might typically turn to alcohol.

There’s a lot of exciting progress happening in alcohol addiction treatment right now. At More Than Rehab, we’re always keeping up with the latest in addiction treatment. That way, we can ensure our patients get the best, research-backed care out there. If you or someone you know is ready to make a change, you can trust that we’re here with the most effective tools and support to help make lasting sobriety a reality.

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Can Psychedelic Assisted Therapy Help Addiction Treatment?

Psychedelic-assisted therapy is currently drawing a lot of attention. There has been a resurgence of interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs such as psilocybin (found in magic mushrooms), LSD, and MDMA (commonly known as ecstasy) for the treatment of various mental health conditions.

Re-emerging clinical research suggests that psychedelic-assisted therapy has the potential to serve as an alternative treatment for substance use disorder, depression, and anxiety. For example:

Recent clinical trials of MDMA-assisted therapy on patients with chronic PTSD found that the drug is an effective treatment, with 67% of participants who received MDMA no longer qualifying for a PTSD diagnosis after 3 treatment sessions. In comparison, only 32% of placebo participants experienced significantly reduced PTSD.
Ketamine has also shown incredible results in addressing depression, among other mental health issues. Studies have found that low doses of Ketamine can improve severe depression, with results lasting about 6-8 weeks on average.
Psilocybin has shown positive results in treating anxiety and depression among terminal patients. Researchers from Johns Hopkins found that psychedelic treatment with psilocybin relieved major depressive disorder symptoms for about a month. But a follow-up study discovered that the results could be long-term when this therapy is accompanied by supportive psychotherapy. Psilocybin has received a FDA approval for investigations as a potential treatment for eating disorders.
LSD, considered a prototype for therapeutic psychedelics, has been shown to help with both alcohol addiction and anxiety related to a terminal illness.

There are also numerous stories and testimonies from individuals who have undergone psychedelic-assisted therapy and reported significant improvements in their mental health.

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Many of these stories are shared publicly, in the media, or through personal channels, creating a positive and powerful narrative around the potential of psychedelic-assisted therapy. Patients have reported feeling more open, connected, and attuned to their emotions and thoughts and having a deeper understanding of themselves and their place in the world.

All this is very encouraging. However, it's worth noting that we've been here before with psychedelics. In the 1950s and 60s, numerous studies were happening across the United States to explore the potential of psychedelics in treating various mental health conditions.

Media outlets like CBSNews even covered the story of Arthur King, who received LSD as part of his treatment for alcoholism in 1966. After 6 months of treatment with LSD, Arthur King was able to curb his addiction and was still sober in the 27-year follow-up.

But as these drugs became synonymous with substance abuse, hedonism, and countercultural activities, they were made illegal. LSD was made illegal in 1966, followed by mushrooms in 1968, and most research into the therapeutic potential of psychedelics ground to a halt. At the moment, the use of psychedelics for their therapeutic potential is still highly regulated and not yet widely available. But the renewed interest and investment have fueled further research, much of which is ongoing.

What is Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy?

Psychedelic-assisted therapy is a therapeutic approach that uses psychedelic substances, such as psilocybin, Ketamine, and MDMA, to facilitate therapeutic experiences. These substances are administered in a controlled and supportive environment, usually with the guidance of a trained health professional, to help individuals achieve altered states of consciousness that may lead to increased self-awareness, insight, and emotional processing.

The goal of psychedelic-assisted therapy is to provide individuals with a unique and profound experience that allows them to gain new perspectives on their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and to work through emotional and psychological challenges.

For example, cancer patients who took part in two different studies reported mystical experiences or spiritualistic experiences after taking psilocybin for their anxiety and depression. According to the studies, psilocybin reduced cancer-related anxiety, hopelessness, and dread immediately after the dose, and the improvements persisted for up to 6.5 months in about 80% of the patients.

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Psychedelic-Assisted Treatment and Addiction

A growing body of research suggests that psychedelic-assisted treatment may have promise in easing some of the symptoms of addiction. One way psychedelics may help with addiction is by reducing other mental health symptoms that often co-occur, such as depression and anxiety.

For many people struggling with alcohol and opioid addiction, these symptoms can be a significant barrier to recovery, as they can make it harder to stay motivated and engaged in treatment. By addressing these underlying mental health issues, psychedelics may make it easier for individuals to quit abusing substances.

Psychedelic-assisted treatment may also work by promoting changes in brain function and increasing self-awareness. For example, research suggests that psychedelics may help to "reset" the brain by fostering new neural connections and reducing negative thought patterns. By facilitating these changes in the brain, psychedelics may help individuals break free from patterns of addictive behavior and develop healthier coping mechanisms.

Studies have shown that psychedelics reduce both alcohol use and smoking. The success rates are higher than what doctors see with other therapy or medication alone.

How Does Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Work?

While researchers do not fully understand how psychedelics work in the brain, several potential mechanisms have been proposed.

One commonly cited explanation is that psychedelic experiences facilitate mystical or transcendent experiences that can lead to increased psychological insights and personal growth. These experiences may be characterized by feelings of connectedness, unity, and transcendence and may help individuals to gain new perspectives on their lives and problems.
Another potential mechanism of action is increased suggestibility. Psychedelics are known to lower inhibitions and increase suggestibility, which may make individuals more open to receiving therapeutic suggestions and insights. This may help individuals to break free from entrenched patterns of thought and behavior that have been resistant to traditional forms of therapy.
Finally, evidence suggests that psychedelics can induce changes in neurotransmitter activity in the brain. For example, psilocybin has been shown to bind to serotonin receptors in the brain, leading to increased activation in specific regions associated with mood and cognition. Similarly, MDMA has been shown to increase the release of oxytocin and serotonin, neurotransmitters related to social bonding and mood regulation.

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Risks of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy for Addiction Treatment

While psychedelic-assisted therapy for addiction treatment may hold promise, there are also potential risks associated with using these substances. They include:

Psychosis: Psychedelics can cause alterations in perception, thinking, and mood that may lead to psychotic symptoms such as paranoia, delusions, and hallucinations. These symptoms can be particularly dangerous for individuals with a history of psychosis or other severe mental health conditions.
Fear: During a psychedelic experience, individuals may become overwhelmed by intense emotions, including fear and anxiety. The drugs can induce flashbacks and trauma or cause people to believe they're dying.
Cardiovascular Issues: Psychedelics can cause an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, which can be dangerous for individuals with underlying cardiovascular issues.

While psychedelics have shown promise as a therapeutic tool, they're not a panacea and don't work for everyone. Factors like dosage, setting, and individual differences in brain chemistry can all impact the effectiveness of psychedelic-assisted therapy. Also, trained professionals should always supervise these substances in a controlled environment, as they can be potentially dangerous if misused.

If you're considering using psychedelics outside of therapy for different reasons, you should seek the support of a Psychedelic harm reduction and integration therapist. A PHRI therapist will help you plan to minimize risks and increase the chances of positive therapeutic outcomes.