The Role of Trauma in Addiction: Healing the Wounds

Trauma refers to deeply distressing events that can leave lasting scars on our minds and hearts. These events can range from childhood struggles to life-threatening situations like natural disasters, accidents, or even military combat. When people face such distress, they often turn to drugs or alcohol to cope with the overwhelming emotions. This explains the strong link between substance abuse and trauma.

The link between Addiction and Trauma

Trauma and addiction are closely intertwined, with trauma often serving as a catalyst for the development of substance use disorders. Numerous studies have shown that traumatic experiences, especially during childhood, can raise the risk of people turning to substances as a way to cope with their emotional pain and distress.

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One notable study is the original study of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). Researchers discovered that the risk of drug and alcohol abuse was higher among adults who had more ACEs. ACEs are traumatic experiences within the first 18 years of life and include:

Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Emotional abuse
Physical neglect
Medical trauma
Emotional neglect
Household substance abuse
Household mental illness
Parental separation or divorce
Domestic violence
Incarcerated household member

So basically, someone who has four or more ACEs is 3x more likely to experience substance use problems later on in life. This can happen due to a blend of factors like:

Genetic predisposition: Some people are more prone to addiction because of their genetic makeup. It's like they're born with a higher risk factor for struggling with substances.
Neurological changes: Trauma, especially in childhood when the brain is still developing, can literally change the way the brain works. The stress and trauma can mess with the brain's reward system, making one more susceptible to seeking out substances to feel better.
Maladaptive coping mechanisms: When dealing with trauma, one can turn to substances to self-medicate. For instance, someone who has experienced sexual abuse may turn to drugs or alcohol as a way to numb the pain and escape from intrusive memories or flashbacks. Over time, this pattern of substance use can become compulsive and lead to the development of addiction.
Environmental factors: Family, friends, and community all play a role in shaping who someone becomes and how they deal with things. If one is surrounded by people who use substances themselves, it becomes even harder to break free from that cycle of addiction.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Addiction

When a person experiences or witnesses a traumatic event, they may develop a mental health condition referred to as PTSD. PTSD can occur in response to different traumatic experiences, including but not limited to physical or sexual assault, combat exposure, natural disasters, accidents, or childhood abuse.

Research has documented a high incidence of comorbid PTSD and substance abuse. In fact, people with PTSD are 14 times more likely to be diagnosed with SUD. And as mentioned earlier, self-medication is a huge driving factor. On the flip side, substance use can worsen PTSD symptoms and interfere with the effectiveness of treatment.

For example, drugs or alcohol can impair judgment, increase impulsivity, and interfere with the processing of traumatic memories in therapy. This can make it difficult for individuals with PTSD to engage fully in treatment and make progress towards recovery.

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Types of Trauma

Trauma can be physical or emotional. Physical trauma is a bodily injury or harm caused by an external event or force. On the other hand, emotional trauma is the psychological and emotional impact of distressing events or experiences. It can either be acute or chronic, depending on the duration and intensity of the distressing events.

Signs and Symptoms of Trauma

The signs of trauma can be physical or emotional. The emotional aspect can cause intense feelings that affect one's functioning, behavior, attitude, and view of the world. They may also experience adjustment disorder or PTSD after a traumatic event.

Signs of emotional trauma in adults include:

Mood swings
Dissociation
Helplessness
Difficulty functioning
Anger
Avoidance
Blame
Guilt or shame
Emotional numbness
Social withdrawal

Signs of physical trauma in adults include:

Fatigue
Nightmares
Feeling on edge
Mood swings
Appetite changes
Difficulty sleeping
Tense muscles
Sexual dysfunction
Excessive alertness
Increased heart rate

Trauma-Informed Care in Addiction Treatment

The good news is help is available. Effective treatment approaches like trauma-informed care address both the underlying trauma and the addictive behaviors, providing a path toward healing and long-term sobriety.

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As the name suggests, trauma-informed care considers the impact of trauma on a person's life and integrates this understanding into every aspect of their care. It's not just about addressing the symptoms of addiction; it's about recognizing that the patient has experienced trauma in the past and that trauma plays a significant role in their addictive behaviors.

Trauma-informed care is important because it:

Creates a safe and supportive space where you feel respected, heard, and empowered to share your experiences without fear of judgment or re-traumatization.
Helps you recognize that your addiction is not just about the substance itself but about the underlying pain and trauma you're trying to cope with. Your mental health professional helps you understand how trauma has shaped your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors and works with you to develop healthier coping strategies.
It means treating you as a whole person, addressing both your mental health needs and your substance use issues. This might involve behavioral health therapy techniques like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to help you process trauma and develop new ways of thinking and behaving.
It emphasizes empowerment and collaboration. You are not just a passive recipient of treatment but an active participant in your healing journey. Your therapist will help you set goals, identify strengths, and overcome challenges as you work towards lasting sobriety and emotional well-being.

Trauma-informed care isn't just about treating the symptoms of addiction; it's about recognizing the whole person and honoring their experiences. It's about creating a safe space where people feel empowered to explore their past or childhood traumas and work toward recovery.

At More than Rehab, we believe that everyone deserves a chance to heal and rebuild their lives. With trauma-informed care, we can help you break free from the cycle of addiction and create a brighter future for yourself and those you love.

888-249-2191

The Military and Drug Use

America is known for having a strong military, whose members are strongly supported by other American citizens, because we recognize that their duty and sacrifice are what allows each of us to enjoy the freedom we all share. Unfortunately, the United States has participated in many conflicts across the globe, most recently in Iraq, in 2003 as a response the 2001 terrorist attacks that took place on American soil on 9/11. American troops are still currently active there, to this day. While many know the long history of the United States, and our involvement in a number of wars, a newer topic in the American discourse is the tumultuous repercussions of these conflicts to our soldier’s mental health. The military and drug use are not mutually-exclusive. Many active duty military personnel and our returning veterans can easily face the very real challenge of developing a substance use disorder.

Military combat veterans and drug use.

Some things that Veterans in our country are forced to deal with, usually upon returning home from war, range from issues like homelessness, unemployment, and mental health disorders such as PTSD (or post-traumatic stress disorder). These issues are certainly not unexpected and they are relatively common. Another issue with members of the military, and their immediate families, are substance abuse disorders, like an addiction or chemical dependence to drugs or alcohol.

Oftentimes, this can go both ways, as the loved one who is a member of the military may develop an addiction overseas or once returning home, or, vice versa, the family members who are not in the military may develop an addiction while their loved one is away at war.

In 2015 alone, more than 30% of active duty military personnel engaged in hazardous drinking behavior or met criteria for an alcohol abuse disorder.
- The Rand Corporation

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What types of drugs are commonly used by military personnel?

Besides alcohol, substances like marijuana and cocaine are also common among active duty service members currently in the military, however, due to the fact that testing positive to a random drug test could lead to a dishonorable discharge, many military members develop problems associated with alcohol or prescription painkillers, commonly prescribed due to injuries from combat or carrying and operating heavy equipment. For instance, during the years of 2001 to 2009, the number of painkillers prescribed to the military more than quadrupled, causing a subsequent rise in opioid use disorders as well. In 2017, one in four active-duty members of the United States military received a prescription for opioids.

According to data collected by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, more than one out of every 10 veterans has a substance abuse disorder of some kind, which is slightly higher than the general population, even more so when just comparing data for male veterans aged 18-25. This number could be attributed to the fact that many veterans will also develop a mental health disorder as well. A recent report found that nearly 30 percent of active duty personnel have a mental health condition requiring treatment, and just under 50 percent of veterans have a mental health condition that also requires treatment.

The negative stigma concerning mental health prevents military and their families from asking for help.

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Another issue for military members is the stigma surrounding mental health and/or addiction. Many times, they are afraid to seek help in fear of what loved ones or other people may think. If you, or a loved one, are struggling with a mental health issue or a substance abuse disorder, please do not hesitate to ask for help! Years of experience has shown that many family members are accepting and more than willing to try to get you the help that you need. You made sacrifices to help defend American freedom, our heritage and values. You deserve to be treated with respect and care, especially when it comes to your mental health.

As always, please feel free to reach out to one of our addiction specialists today!

More Than Rehab is located just outside of Houston, Texas.

We’re always here to offer help when needed!

888-249-2191

Substance abuse among America’s Military Families.

Another important aspect of the military and drug use, is what happens to the family that gets left behind while their loved one is away fighting for the freedom and protection of our country? This is important to consider when talking about the military and drug use, but all too often it seems to get overlooked. A recent survey found that roughly 44% of people in the military are married with children, and approximately 56% are married alone. Numbers estimate that there are more members of military families then there are active duty personnel, where roughly around 1.9 million people in the United States are an immediate part of a military family.

According to the NSDUH (the National Survey on Drug Use and Health), over 30% of military wives aged 18-49 participated in hazardous binge drinking behavior within the last 30 days and over 12 percent reported abusing illicit drugs within the past year. Furthermore, they were much more likely to engage in binge drinking behavior compared to other members of the civilian population. Additionally, 30 percent of military wives aged 18-49 also had a mental health disorder requiring treatment within the last year.

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These rates of substance abuse could be due to a number of reasons: having to juggle all the household responsibilities and take care of the kids all alone while their husbands are away at war. Wondering if their loved one is going to be safe, while deployed to active duty. These things are emotionally traumatic for both parties. Unfortunately, the children of active duty service members are not unaffected by one, or both of their parents being in the military. The same survey showed that nearly 20% of children who had a parent in the military also struggled with a substance abuse disorder of some kind.

While research in this field is still relatively new, it is safe to say that not only are veterans and active members of the military affected, but their family members may be as well. There is honor in serving your country, and there is honor in loving someone who does, but it can come with its own set of consequences.

Here at More Than Rehab, we truly understand substance abuse disorders and specialize in areas like how the military may impact the entire family with things like PTSD and substance abuse disorders. It is important to remember that even though you may be suffering, you are not alone. Let us help you get back on track and show you the way to get your life back. To the members of the military and their families, we appreciate your service to this country and would not hesitate in returning the favor!