Understanding Fentanyl: Why It’s So Dangerous & How to Stay Safe

The growing reports of opioid overdose deaths are overwhelming. And the rising numbers don’t make it any easier. If you’re feeling worried—about yourself, your family, or someone close to you—you’re not alone. According to the CDC, fentanyl is now involved in about 76% of opioid overdose deaths in the United States, a statistic that underscores just how serious this crisis has become.

What makes it even more frightening is how often fentanyl is mixed into other drugs without anyone realizing it. It’s understandable to feel concerned, even helpless, in the face of these risks. But understanding fentanyl, its dangers, and how to stay safe can help you take meaningful steps to protect yourself and those you care about.

What Is Fentanyl?

Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that can be up to 50 times stronger than heroin. Doctors sometimes prescribe it to treat severe pain, especially after surgery. It is often used in hospitals under close supervision. However, fentanyl is now found more often in illegal drug markets. People sometimes buy what they believe to be prescription opioids or other drugs, only to end up with substances laced with fentanyl.

When misused or without medical supervision, fentanyl can be very harmful. Because it is so powerful, even a minimal amount can be life-threatening. This risk becomes worse when fentanyl gets mixed with other substances like cocaine or ecstasy. Sometimes, people do not even know they are taking fentanyl. That is one reason authorities are saying "one pill can kill" as so many recent overdose deaths have been attributed to unexpected fentanyl contamination in other drugs.

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Why Is Fentanyl So Dangerous?

The main danger lies in its strength. Small doses can slow your breathing so much that your body shuts down, leading to an opioid overdose. This can happen before you even realize you are in trouble. When fentanyl is mixed with other drugs, it becomes even more unpredictable. People might think they are taking one substance but receive a much stronger opioid.

This often leads to a dangerous situation where just one pill or one dose can be enough to cause an overdose. As a result, the number of deaths from fentanyl overdoses continues to grow. Public health experts warn that using any non-prescribed pill is now a high-risk activity, especially if it might contain fentanyl.

How Fentanyl Can Appear in Other Drugs

Part of the reason fentanyl is dangerous is its invisibility. You can’t see, smell, or taste it, which means you cannot know if it’s there without testing the drug.

Drug dealers and drug cartels frequently lace substances with fentanyl because it’s inexpensive to produce and dramatically increases the potency of their products. This practice puts unsuspecting users at extreme risk. Fentanyl has been found in pills disguised as prescription opioids like oxycodone, in fake pills made to look like medications, and even mixed with drugs like cocaine and ecstasy.

How to Stay Safe and Reduce Risks

1. Avoid Drug Use Altogether

The safest option is to avoid using drugs entirely. This might sound simple, but it can be challenging if you or someone you care about struggles with substance use disorder. If that is the case, please know help is available. You do not have to face this alone.

2. Use Fentanyl Test Strips

If you or a loved one does feel at risk of encountering fentanyl, fentanyl test strips can detect whether the drug is present in a powder or a crushed pill. They are not foolproof, but they do lower the risk of an unexpected overdose. Remember, a negative result does not guarantee total safety, so caution is still necessary.

3. Recognize Overdose Signs

An overdose can happen suddenly. If you see someone who has very slow or stopped breathing, is unconscious, or has bluish lips or fingertips, treat that as an emergency and call 911 right away. You should also give naloxone (often known by the brand name Narcan) if it is available. Naloxone reverses opioid overdose by blocking the opioid’s effect on the brain, and it can save a life.

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4. Carry Narcan (Naloxone)

Naloxone kits are available at many pharmacies and community organizations. You do not need a prescription in most places. Having a kit on hand can make the difference between life and death if an overdose occurs. Public health agencies often provide Narcan at low or no cost, so you can ask about free programs in your area.

5. Harm Reduction Approaches

Some communities focus on harm reduction to lower the risk of infection, overdose, and other health issues. Harm reduction programs often offer clean syringes, naloxone training, and information about safer use practices. Their goal is to support people who use drugs and to prevent further harm. They also serve as a point of contact for people to enter drug addiction treatment programs or other forms of help.

Mental Health Care and Fentanyl Use

Many people who develop a substance use disorder are also dealing with emotional pain or stress. Mental health care can address underlying issues like anxiety, depression, or unresolved childhood trauma. Counseling or therapy helps you learn healthier ways to cope. You also gain support that can help you move away from drug use.

Remember, you do not have to handle everything on your own. A licensed therapist, psychiatrist, or counselor is there to guide and support you. They help you work on a treatment plan for your needs and challenges. This plan often includes therapy, medication, and group support.

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Finding Treatment for Substance Use Disorder

1. Drug Addiction Treatment Programs

Drug addiction treatment programs offer structured help through inpatient or outpatient settings. They often include detox services, counseling, and medication-assisted treatment. These programs give you the tools to stop drug use and maintain long-term health.

2. Support Groups

Groups like Narcotics Anonymous or other community support groups can provide a sense of connection. They let you share experiences with people who understand your challenges. They also offer encouragement to stay on track. Support from peers makes a big difference in your addiction recovery journey.

3. Family Involvement

Family members can play an essential role in recovery. They often notice changes in behavior before anyone else. When a family learns how to support a loved one and set healthy boundaries, it creates a more stable environment for healing. Encourage open, non-judgmental communication. Offer to help with finding resources or simply be there to listen.

If you or someone you care about has a substance use disorder, please remember that help is available. A treatment plan can involve drug addiction treatment programs, therapy, and support groups like Narcotics Anonymous. You also have the option of including family members who want to help. All these resources work together to keep you or your loved one safe and supported.

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Buprenorphine: A Lifeline for Opioid Addiction Recovery

Buprenorphine is the first line of treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). It helps people with opioid addiction to safely withdraw from the drugs without the euphoria and dangerous side effects. Buprenorphine serves as a substitute for the opioid being abused, so the patient has minimal discomfort and is able to focus on their recovery. It’s prescribed as part of an evidence-based comprehensive treatment plan that includes therapy and services to heal the whole person.

Buprenorphine is also used as a pain reliever for people with acute or chronic pain. But doctors only prescribe it if they think other treatment options won’t effectively manage the pain or if other medicines aren’t suitable for your situation.

Opioid Addiction Overview

Opioid addiction is a serious public health issue. It affects more than 16 million people globally and over 2.1 million people in the US. According to the CDC, about 81,083 people in the US lost their lives due to opioid overdose deaths in 2023 alone. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration notes that most of the deaths involving opioids are driven by illicitly manufactured fentanyl.

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Opioids, whether prescribed or illicit drugs like heroin or fentanyl, can create physical dependence, making it difficult to quit. This is where buprenorphine comes in — it’s a key player in addiction treatment, helping people manage withdrawal symptoms and reduce the risk of relapse.

What Does Buprenorphine Look Like?

Buprenorphine comes in different forms, including tablets, film strips, or implants. You might hear about it under brand names like Suboxone, which is a blend of buprenorphine and naloxone. The medication is prescribed by healthcare professionals trained in addiction treatment and taken either sublingually (under the tongue), as a skin patch, or through injection.

How Does Buprenorphine Work?

Buprenorphine is a partial opioid agonist, which means it binds to the same receptors in the brain as opioids but doesn’t produce the same intense euphoria or dangerous side effects. Instead, it inhibits cravings and helps manage withdrawal symptoms. Buprenorphine has a ceiling effect. So, after a certain dose, taking more won’t increase its effects. This:

Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorders

Buprenorphine helps people recover from OUD. But in order for it to work, you must stop using opioids for at least 12-24 hours and be in the early stages of withdrawal. This timing is important because starting buprenorphine while opioids are still in your system can trigger acute withdrawal, which is something you want to avoid.

Once you begin the therapy and your cravings are under control, your doctor will closely monitor how your body responds. As you progress in treatment, they may adjust your dose to make sure you’re getting the right amount to manage symptoms without unnecessary side effects. One of the benefits of buprenorphine is its long-acting nature. Once you’re stabilized, you may be able to switch from daily dosing to taking it every other day, which can be more convenient.

The length of time you’ll stay on the medication depends on your individual needs. Some people require long-term or even indefinite treatment to maintain their recovery, and that’s perfectly okay. Buprenorphine helps prevent relapse, but ongoing support, whether through counseling or other forms of therapy, can further strengthen your recovery journey.

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Buprenorphine As Part of Medication-Assisted Therapy (MAT)

Buprenorphine is most effective when it’s part of a medication-assisted treatment (MAT) program. MAT blends medication with counseling and behavioral therapies to provide a whole-person approach to recovery. The Food and Drug Administration has approved buprenorphine for this purpose, and it has proven to be a highly effective, evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder. Managing the physical aspects of addiction allows MAT to reduce relapse rates and improve long-term success.

What Are the Possible Side Effects of Buprenorphine?

Like all medications, Suboxone buprenorphine can have side effects. Common side effects are constipation, headache and nausea. Some people may experience dizziness or drowsiness, especially when starting treatment. It’s important to talk to your doctor if you notice more severe side effects like trouble breathing or allergic reactions. However, when used as prescribed, the drug is generally safe and well-tolerated.

Risks Associated with Buprenorphine

Buprenorphine also carries some risks. Misuse can still happen, especially if it’s combined with other substances like alcohol or sedatives. That’s why a doctor should closely monitor your progress through medication assisted therapy. Also, patients need to follow their doctor’s instructions carefully, as taking too much or stopping suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Despite these risks, buprenorphine remains a safe and effective treatment option when used correctly.

What Are Buprenorphine Alternatives?

While buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder, it’s not the only option. Methadone is another commonly used medication. It’s similar in that it helps manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings, but it’s typically provided in specialized clinics. Methadone can be a better option for people with higher levels of physical dependence, as it may be more effective in those cases.

If you’re currently on methadone and considering switching to buprenorphine, it’s important to talk to your doctor first. Switching from methadone to buprenorphine is possible, but because the two medications work differently, some patients find the transition challenging. A dose of buprenorphine works well for moderate levels of opioid dependence, but if you’ve been on a high dose of methadone, you might not experience the same level of relief. It’s important to have this conversation with your doctor to understand how switching could affect your treatment.

On the other hand, if you’re currently using buprenorphine and feel it’s not working as well as you’d like, switching to methadone may be an option. Your healthcare provider can help guide you through these decisions to find the best treatment for your needs.

MAT Treatment at More Than Rehab

At More Than Rehab, we understand that recovery is unique for everyone. Our comprehensive MAT programs, including buprenorphine treatment, are tailored to meet your needs, offering you the support and guidance necessary for lasting recovery. If you or a loved one are ready to start your journey to a healthier, opioid-free life, reach out to us today. We’re here to help every step of the way.

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Borderline Crisis: How Fentanyl is Crossing the US-Mexico Border

Synthetic opioids like fentanyl are the leading course of overdose deaths in the US. New data from the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics shows that there were an estimated 81,083 opioid-related deaths in 2023. While this marks a slight decrease from the 84,181 deaths recorded in 2022, the numbers remain staggering and underscore the ongoing threat fentanyl poses to communities nationwide. Most of the fentanyl in the United States is smuggled across the US-Mexico border.

Our border with Mexico has become a major front in the fight against the opioid crisis. Despite efforts to tighten security, traffickers keep finding new ways to sneak the drug in. Mexican drug cartels have set up complex smuggling operations. They recruit US citizens to carry fentanyl across the border, hiding it in cars, trucks, and personal items.

How Fentanyl is Crossing the US-Mexico Border

Seizure reports show that the pounds of drugs seized at the border are trending down. But this is mostly only true for heavier, less potent drugs like marijuana. Seizures of fentanyl, which is 100 times more potent than morphine, is up significantly. In fact, it’s 480% higher at the southern border in 2023 compared to 2020.

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The US-Mexico southern border stretches approximately 1,954 miles, crossing four states: California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. This long expanse includes about 26 official land ports of entry, where people, vehicles, and goods are legally allowed to cross between the two countries. These ports are crucial points for trade and travel but also serve as primary routes for smuggling fentanyl and other illicit drugs into the United States.

So, how does fentanyl get in the country?

You might be surprised to learn that most of the fentanyl coming into the US isn’t being smuggled by migrants—it’s often US citizens doing the job. Cartels recruit Americans because they can cross the border without drawing as much attention. They get paid well to hide fentanyl in cars, trucks, and even everyday items like food packages or clothes. Most of this drug trafficking happens right at official border crossings, like the busy ports of entry in San Diego and El Paso.

The Mexican cartels—mainly the Sinaloa and Jalisco New Generation cartels—have this down to a science. They use all kinds of tricks to get fentanyl past border agents. We’re talking about false compartments in cars, blending drugs with legal goods, and even hiding fentanyl pills or powder in shoes or personal items. It’s a cat-and-mouse game that’s constantly evolving, and the cartels are always finding new ways to beat the system.

Despite increased security measures, the sheer size of the border and the volume of traffic make it a challenging task for border patrol and customs agents to effectively monitor and intercept every illegal shipment that passes through.

What the US is Doing to Fight Back

The Biden Administration has been trying to crack down on this by going after the supply chain, especially the chemicals used to make fentanyl. Most of these chemicals come from China, and without them, cartels can’t produce fentanyl at the same scale.

Since 2019, China has cut down on sending fentanyl directly to the US. This is a big change noted by the DEA. However, China still plays a major role in the fentanyl crisis as it supplies the chemicals used to make fentanyl in Mexico and other Central American countries. These chemicals are shipped to Mexico, where cartels turn them into the fentanyl that floods the US.

So, the US has been pushing a foreign policy with China that will help tighten the rules on these chemicals. It’s a step in the right direction because if we can cut off the supply of these chemicals, we can slow down the production of fentanyl.

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Federal law enforcement is also working hard to break up cartel operations. They’re going after the money trails that fund these groups and are working with Mexican authorities to shut down labs where fentanyl powder is made. At the same time, US agencies are stepping up their game at the border, using more advanced tech like X-ray machines and drug detectors to spot hidden stashes of fentanyl. They’re also training customs and border protection agents to spot the tricks smugglers use.

But let’s be real—the cartels are always adapting, so it’s a constant battle. For example, fentanyl comes in many forms, and each version can be made using different chemicals. Cartels keep switching up how they make the drug, finding new chemicals that are easy to get.

It’s like a never-ending chase between cartels trying to make money and governments trying to stop them. It’s a dangerous game, and both sides are constantly trying to outsmart each other.

The Real Impact of Fentanyl

Illicit fentanyl is incredibly dangerous. It only takes a tiny amount—just two milligrams, about the size of a few grains of salt—to be deadly. That’s why fentanyl is so lethal and why it’s driving the overdose crisis in the United States. Here are some dangerous impacts of fentanyl and why it’s a public health concern:

Why Fentanyl is So Dangerous?

Fentanyl is often mixed with other drugs like cocaine, methamphetamine, and fake prescription pills. This isn’t an accident; it’s a deliberate move by cartels to make their products more potent and addictive. But it’s incredibly risky because users often don’t know fentanyl is in what they’re taking. This turns every dose into a deadly gamble.

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Fentanyl Overdose Deaths

Fentanyl remains the deadliest drug in the United States, and despite a slight drop in 2023, the crisis is far from over. For the first time since 2018, overdose deaths declined, but the numbers are still staggering. Over 100,000 Americans lost their lives to drug overdoses last year, and fentanyl was responsible for about 75,000 of those deaths.

It’s Everywhere and It’s Overwhelming

Fentanyl has flooded the streets, and it’s not just in big cities. It’s in small towns, suburbs, and communities that never thought they’d face a drug crisis like this. It’s cheap to make and easy to transport, which is why it’s turning up all over the country.

The strain on our healthcare system is enormous. Emergency rooms are overwhelmed with overdose cases, and the cost of treating these emergencies is skyrocketing. First responders use drugs like Narcan every day to save lives, but it’s just a Band-Aid on a much bigger wound.

The battle against fentanyl is tough, but it’s one we can’t afford to lose. Let’s take action now to protect our loved ones and build a safer future.

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Maximizing Texas’s Opioid Settlement: Investing in Treatment & Rehabilitation

The US has been experiencing an opioid crisis since the mid-90s. This was around the time when there was a shift in how doctors prescribed pain medication. Pharmaceutical companies downplayed the addictive potential of opioids, and doctors were encouraged to prescribe them more liberally for chronic pain. Sadly, this led to a significant increase in the number of people taking prescription opioids like Percocet and OxyContin.

As more people were exposed to opioids, rates of addiction and misuse skyrocketed. Many who became addicted to prescription drugs eventually turned to cheaper, more dangerous alternatives like heroin, further inflating overdose deaths. The rise in opioid overdose deaths paralleled the increase in opioid prescriptions, highlighting a clear link between the two. 

After the CDC survey that found over 10 million patients misused prescription opioids in 2018, it, along with states like Texas, declared an opioid epidemic and changed prescription standards. Texas and 13 other states took the drug companies to court, with both Democrat and Republican attorneys general teaming up to sue. 

In July 2021, a significant agreement was made: Johnson & Johnson and three drug distributors agreed to cough up $26 billion to settle the case. But other settlements, including with OcyContin manufacturer Purdue Pharma, are still pending. Texas is expected to get about $1.6 billion from six companies over 18 years as part of these settlement agreements.

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The Current State of Opioid Addiction in Texas

Texas is experiencing a drug poisoning epidemic. According to surveys, deaths from poisoning in the state increased by more than 75% in just five years. In 2017, the rate was 9.4 deaths per 100,000, and that nearly doubled to 15.8 deaths per 100,000 residents in 2021.

Although the prescription of opioids by doctors in Texas has reduced over the last few years, overdose deaths from illegally manufactured fentanyl continue to rise. A CDC report estimates 5,566 drug-related deaths occurred in Texas between August 2022 and August 2023. 45% of these deaths involved fentanyl.

The human cost of opioid addiction is immense. For every statistic, there’s a person and a story—a family member, a friend, or a neighbor whose life has been affected. Beyond that, the opioid epidemic is putting a strain on all levels of care. Hospitals and emergency services are overwhelmed by the number of overdose cases they handle daily.

This strain makes it harder for everyone to get the care they need. Local resources such as law enforcement and social services are also stretched thin trying to manage the wide-ranging consequences of the opioid crisis. 

The Potential Impact of Strategic Investments 

The $1.6 billion settlement presents a significant opportunity for Texas to combat the opioid crisis effectively through strategic investments. Proper allocation of these funds can profoundly impact the state's ability to support the people who are struggling with addiction, improve public health, and reduce the overall burden of the crisis.

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Let’s explore some key areas where strategic investments can make a difference:

Expansion of Treatment Facilities

There’s a need for more treatment facilities so more people can get the help they desperately need. With more money, we can build new treatment centers and improve upon the ones we already have. This means people won’t have to wait so long to get care. These centers can offer a variety of services like detox, inpatient and intensive outpatient treatments, and special treatments for mental health conditions. More facilities means increasing the number of beds, doctors, and nurses, which ultimately leads to saving more lives.

Enhancement of Recovery Support Services

The money can also go to recovery support to give people the tools they need to rebuild their lives. This includes access to counseling and therapy, which are crucial for long-term recovery. Programs that offer stable housing and job training can help people recover and stay sober.

We can also create peer support groups and mentorship programs where people who have been through recovery can offer support and advice. These services build a strong support network that can make a huge difference.

Implementation of Prevention Programs

Preventing addiction before it starts is key to tackling the opioid crisis. When we invest in prevention programs, we can educate communities about the dangers of opioid misuse and teach healthy coping strategies.

Schools, workplaces, and community centers can run educational programs to raise awareness. Early intervention programs can identify at-risk people and help them before things worsen. Strengthening prescription monitoring systems can also prevent misuse and diversion of opioids. Prevention efforts can stop the cycle of addiction before it starts, saving lives and reducing the impact of the crisis. 

Misallocation of Opioid Settlement Funds Raises Concerns

In the wake of the opioid crisis, states across the country have received significant settlement funds intended to combat addiction and support affected communities. However, there are growing concerns about how these funds are being used. Instead of directing the money towards prevention and treatment options, some states are spending it on things like new police cars and slush funds that don't directly help those struggling with substance use disorders.

Police Cars and Equipment

In several states, portions of the opioid settlement funds have been used to buy new police cars and other law enforcement equipment. While law enforcement is crucial in addressing the crisis, these expenditures don’t provide the necessary treatment or support for individuals battling addiction.

Filling Budget Gaps

Some states use the funds to cover general budget shortfalls or unrelated projects. This means the money isn’t going to addiction treatment or prevention programs, which undermines efforts to combat the opioid epidemic.

Lack of Transparency

In some instances, funds have been placed into slush funds with little oversight or accountability. Without explicit tracking, it’s hard to ensure the money is being used to help those who need it most.

The Need for Transparency and Accountability

Unless the state and local governments put the funds to good use, they won’t help those affected. The state can ensure this happens by:

  1. Establishing robust oversight mechanisms. This includes transparent reporting, regular audits, and involving community stakeholders in decision-making processes.
  2. Learning from the missteps of other states, where funds have been diverted to unrelated expenses like new police cars and slush funds, Texas must commit to using the settlement money exclusively for addressing the opioid crisis.
  3. Strategically allocating funds to areas with the highest need and potential impact. This way, Texas can maximize the benefits of the settlement, supporting recovery, reducing overdose deaths, and ultimately diminishing the overall opioid crisis in the state.
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How to Track Fund Usage in Your Community

There are several resources available to help track the allocation and use of opioid settlement funds:

News Sites

While the information might not be readily available, some platforms, like KFF Health News, have made it public after negotiations.

Government Websites

Check state and local government websites for information on fund allocation and spending. Look for sections on budget reports, public health initiatives, or opioid response plans. BrownGeer, a court-appointed firm administering the settlements, also shares the information on a public website.

Public Records Requests

You can file public records requests to obtain detailed information about funds' use. Do this through state or local government offices handling public information requests.

Community Advocacy Groups

Local advocacy groups focused on addiction and public health, such as the Texas Harm Reduction Alliance and the Texas Overdose Naloxone Initiative (TONI), can be valuable resources for information and action.

Opioid Addiction Treatment at More Than Rehab

At More Than Rehab, we’re committed to making a real impact. We offer comprehensive care, from detox and therapy to long-term support and education. Our mission is to provide a safe, supportive environment where people can recover and thrive.

With the right investments and a commitment to transparency and effectiveness, we can make a significant difference in the fight against the opioid crisis in Texas. Let’s work together to ensure these funds are used to their fullest potential, helping those in need and building healthier communities across our state.

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Synthetic Opioids: The Invisible Epidemic

The 2022 provisional data showed that over 68% of the reported 107,081 drug overdose deaths in the US involved synthetic opioids other than methadone. According to the CDC, illicitly manufactured fentanyl was the primary driver of these deaths, accounting for nearly 73,654 of all overdose deaths. Fentanyl deaths have increased every year since 2012. In addition, fentanyl analogs like carfentanil, furanylfentanyl, and acetylfentanyl are being detected more in overdose deaths.

Not since the HIV/AIDs crisis has the US faced a lethal and devastating public health issue as the current opioid crisis. More people die each year of drug overdoses than died in the entirety of the Korean War, Vietnam War, or any armed conflict since WWII.

What are Synthetic Opioids?

Synthetic opioids are a class of powerful and man-made drugs designed to replicate the effects of natural opioids, such as morphine and heroin. These substances are chemically synthesized in laboratories, and they differ significantly from natural opioids due to their artificial origins and, most notably, their potency.

Drug Potency and Overdose Risk

The potency of synthetic opioids is a defining and devastating characteristic. Fentanyl, for instance, is estimated to be between 50 to 100 times more potent than morphine. Carfentanil is estimated to be 10,000 times stronger than morphine. Such extreme potency means that only a minuscule amount of the drug is sufficient to produce a powerful effect. This, in turn, significantly amplifies the risk of overdose.

Fentanyl is not a newcomer to the opioid scene, as it has legitimate medical uses for pain management. However, the illicit production and distribution of this drug have exacerbated the opioid crisis significantly. The clandestine production of fentanyl, often mixed with other drugs like heroin or cocaine, poses an enormous risk to users who may unknowingly ingest a lethal dose. 

The unpredictability of synthetic opioids further compounds the dangers. Street drugs laced with these substances may not be uniform in composition, leading to variability in strength and effects. This makes it difficult for users to gauge the risk accurately, and even experienced individuals can inadvertently consume a lethal dose.

Understanding the Opioid Epidemic: When Did It All Start?

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The opioid overdose epidemic in the United States can be divided into three distinct waves, each marked by different factors and substances involved.

The First Wave (1990s)

The first wave of the opioid overdose epidemic began in the 1990s with the increased prescribing of opioids, particularly prescription painkillers. During this period, there was a surge in the prescription of opioids, including natural and semi-synthetic opioids like oxycodone and hydrocodone, as well as methadone.

Overdose deaths involving these prescription opioids began to increase during this time, with a notable rise since at least 1999. This wave was primarily driven by the overprescribing of opioids for pain management.

The Second Wave (2010)

The second wave started around 2010 and was marked by rapid increases in overdose deaths involving heroin. This shift was partially a consequence of the first wave. As the medical community and authorities began to recognize the overprescribing of prescription opioids, efforts were made to reduce their availability, which led some individuals to turn to heroin as a cheaper and more accessible alternative.

This wave was characterized by a surge in the use of heroin and its associated overdose deaths.

Third Wave (2013)

The third wave began in 2013, with significant increases in overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids, especially illicitly manufactured fentanyl. Illicit fentanyl, which is much more potent than heroin and prescription opioids, became a primary driver of overdose deaths.

The market for illicitly manufactured fentanyl evolved, and it started to appear not only on its own but also in combination with other drugs, such as heroin, counterfeit pills, and cocaine. This made drug use riskier as users often didn't know what substances were in the drugs they were consuming.

This wave was marked by the rise of synthetic opioids, particularly illicit fentanyl, and their association with a substantial number of overdose deaths.

Challenges in Detection and Regulation

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There are numerous origins and types of opioids in the market, which makes it hard for the authorities to detect, let alone regulate, these drugs. Let’s explore the reasons behind the detection challenges and regulation difficulties surrounding opioids. 

Evolving Chemical Structures

Illicit manufacturers of synthetic opioids continually alter the chemical structures of these drugs to evade legal restrictions. This "cat and mouse" game with law enforcement makes it difficult to keep up with the constantly changing landscape of these substances.

Online Sales and Dark Web Marketplaces

The internet has become a major distribution platform for synthetic opioids. Dark web marketplaces and online sales have made these drugs accessible to a global audience, rendering traditional law enforcement and border control methods less effective.

Lack of Regulatory Oversight

The lack of regulatory oversight on the production and distribution of synthetic opioids contributes to their proliferation. Many of these drugs are manufactured in unregulated facilities, making it nearly impossible to ensure quality control or safety.

Analog Substances

The existence of analog substances compounds the difficulty of regulation. Even when specific synthetic opioids are banned, analogs with minor chemical variations can emerge, circumventing legal restrictions.

The Need for Increased Awareness

Behind the statistics and headlines are real people, families, and communities affected by the synthetic opioid crisis. Lives are shattered, and the social and economic costs are immense. The opioid epidemic has created a public health crisis of unprecedented proportions.

There is a need to increase public awareness about the dangers of synthetic opioids. Educational campaigns can inform individuals about the risks associated with these drugs, making them more cautious and informed when confronted with them.

Harm reduction strategies and the distribution of naloxone (a life-saving opioid overdose antidote) are vital steps in reducing the harm caused by synthetic drugs. Safe injection sites also provide a controlled environment for users to minimize risks and seek support.

Above all, preventive measures like prescriber education, monitoring prescription practices, and improving access to addiction treatment can go a long way in combating the synthetic opioid crisis.

Rehabilitation and Treatment Options

The opioid epidemic has exacted a heavy toll on individuals and communities. While efforts to raise drug awareness, prevent overdose, and regulate these potent substances are critical, they must be accompanied by robust rehabilitation and treatment options to help those already affected.

Substance abuse is a medical condition, and treatment and rehabilitation options are essential. Rehab programs can provide the necessary support for individuals struggling with synthetic opioid addiction. But it’s equally important for the stakeholders to reduce barriers to treatment, such as cost or location. This will improve the likelihood of individuals seeking and continuing treatment. 

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The War on Drugs: More Harm than Good?

Drug offenses are the number one reason for arrest in the US. According to sources, over 1.16 million arrests are made for drug law violations each year. Sadly, these arrests disproportionately affect Black, Latinx, and Indigenous people.

Five decades after President Richard Nixon declared drug abuse "public enemy number one" and allocated significant resources to combat it, about 83% of Americans believe that the policy has been a failure. In one poll:

The campaign led to the creation of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), a US federal law enforcement agency responsible for enforcing controlled substances laws and regulations. The drug enforcement agency works to prevent the diversion of prescription medications, combat drug-related crime, and regulate the legal production and distribution of controlled substances.

More Harm than Good?

Illegal drug production depicting the consequences of the war on drugs including mass incarceration and drug related violence

The question of whether the War on Drugs initiative has done more harm than good is a subject of ongoing debate. The perspectives on this issue can vary widely, and the assessment of its impact depends on one's viewpoint and the specific aspects being considered.

Proponents argue that:

However, a majority of Americans believe that it’s a failed initiative. If one considers the historical beginnings, the things that were supposed improve – people stopping using drugs, communities getting back together, getting drugs off the street, and everyone being safe – didn’t happen.

Although there was a sharp decline in illicit drug use in the earlier years, the drug problem is increasing in the country and at an alarming rate. According to SAMHSA, the number of people 12 years or older using illicit drugs shot to 13% in 2019, almost reaching its peak from four decades ago. If the initiative was meant to reduce drug use and prevent drug-related deaths, it has not made much progress. If anything, it has played a part in:

Increased Incarceration Rates

The massive increase in incarceration rates, particularly for non-violent drug offenses, is one of the most compelling arguments against the War on Drugs. While proponents argue that incarcerating drug offenders serves as a deterrent, the reality is that it has led to an unprecedented surge in the US prison population.

This has placed a considerable burden on the criminal justice system and fueled concerns about fairness and racial disparities. Incarceration also harms people. It blocks them from support and can even get in the way of finding a place to live, a job, or an education.

More Drug Overdose Deaths

Again, there’s the issue of overdose cases rising. The latest federal data shows that there were over 107,081 reported drug deaths in 2022, up from 106,699 in 2021. Opioids like fentanyl were the biggest contributor to these surging overdose cases.

The opioid epidemic is mostly a public health crisis and not of criminality. The cost of incarcerating people abusing these drugs instead of getting them help outweighs the potential deterrent impacts of criminalization.

Drug-Related Violence

Mexican armed forces in northeast Mexico illustrating the war on drugs mass incarceration and drug related violence issues

Paradoxically, the War on Drugs has contributed to an increase in drug-related violence. The prohibitionist approach, which makes drugs illegal, has created a lucrative black market for illegal drugs. This, in turn, has led to competition among drug cartels and gangs, resulting in violent conflicts over control of the drug trade.

Moreover, the "tough on crime" stance has often led to confrontations between law enforcement and drug offenders, which can turn violent. Overall, the policy has not succeeded in reducing the violence associated with the drug trade.

Societal Impact

The War on Drugs has had profound societal and domestic consequences. Families have been torn apart by the incarceration of loved ones, especially in cases of non-violent drug offenses. It has led to the stigmatization of individuals with addiction issues, making it harder for them to seek treatment and reintegrate into society.

The focus on punitive measures has overshadowed efforts to address the root causes of drug addiction, such as poverty, lack of education, and lack of access to healthcare. As a result, it has not effectively reduced drug addiction rates.

Expenditure and Resource Allocation

The federal government’s budget for drug use prevention and control was a little over $ 1 billion in 1981. But this number increased to $34 billion by 2020. When adjusted to inflation, that translates to $1,090%, and the number keeps increasing by the year.

The allocation of significant resources to the War on Drugs has raised concerns about whether this is the most cost-effective approach to addressing drug-related issues. Some argue that these resources could be better spent on prevention, treatment, and harm reduction strategies that address the public health aspects of drug use rather than a purely punitive approach.

Other Impacts

But the policy impact is not just limited to mass incarceration, deaths, and violence. Those from low-income are denied public assistance and food stamps for past drug convictions. States like Florida and Texas suspend driver’s licenses for drug offenses that are not related to driving, and many other policies deny voting rights, child custody, loans, employment, and financial help to people with criminal records. In 2019, drug offenses came second as the most common reason for deportation, only after illegal entry.

As drug use becomes increasingly problematic in the US, we must rethink our approach and admit that mass incarceration isn’t working. We need to invest in alternative approaches like support services for those who want or need them.

This includes providing access to addiction treatment, harm reduction strategies, peer support, and recovery programs. Instead of criminalizing drug users, this approach aims to address the root causes of addiction and help individuals overcome their substance abuse issues. More Than Rehab offers addiction rehabilitation services to help those struggling to regain control of their lives.

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Where to Buy Fentanyl Testing Strips in Texas

If you're concerned about the presence of fentanyl in drugs you or someone you know may be using, fentanyl testing strips (FTS) can be an essential tool to help ensure your safety. These testing strips detect the presence of fentanyl in a sample of drugs, allowing you to make informed decisions about your drug use and potentially avoid overdose.

This article will outline where to buy fentanyl testing strips in Texas and provide information on their availability. But first, let's look at the fentanyl crisis in Texas and what the state is doing to combat the spread of fentanyl and save lives. 

 

What are Fentanyl Testing Strips?

Fentanyl testing strips are small pieces of paper coated with a chemical reagent that reacts to the presence of fentanyl. They work by detecting the presence of fentanyl in different drugs (heroin, meth, cocaine, etc.) and drug forms (powder, injectables, and pills). These drug testing technologies serve as harm reduction strategies, providing essential information about fentanyl in the illicit drug supply so they can take steps to reduce the risk of overdose. 

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Image courtesy of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

 How to Use Fentanyl Test Strips:

  1. Prepare a small amount (at least 10mg) of the substance you want to test and place it in a clean, dry container.
  2. Add water to the container and mix the substance and water. For most drugs, you need ½ teaspoon of water. However, if you are testing methamphetamines, use one full teaspoon.
  3. Take the fentanyl test strip out of its packaging and hold it by the end without the wavy lines.
  4. Dip the wavy end of the test strip down into the mixture, ensuring the end is fully submerged in the liquid.
  5. Hold the strip in the liquid for about 15 seconds, allowing it to absorb the mixture fully.
  6. Remove it from the liquid and put it on a flat surface.
  7. Wait 2 to 5 minutes for the test results to appear.
  8. A single pink line indicates the presence of fentanyl or fentanyl analog in the drugs.
  9. Two pink lines indicate the absence of fentanyl or a fentanyl analog in the drugs. 

Fentanyl Crisis in Texas

Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid 50 times stronger than heroin and 100 times stronger than morphine. When used for medical reasons, prescription opioids, including fentanyl, are safe and effective for pain relief. However, illicitly produced and distributed fentanyl is life-threatening and has contributed to the ongoing opioid crisis in Texas and the US. 

In recent years, fentanyl has been increasingly found in other illicit drugs such as counterfeit pills, heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine. And considering the potency of fentanyl, even a small amount can be deadly. This has led to a sharp increase in overdose deaths related to fentanyl use, as many people may not realize they are consuming the drug.

The opioid crisis is a public health crisis in Texas. According to the CDC, there were over 5,000 drug overdose cases in Texas between October 2021 and October 2022. Fatalities involving fentanyl in Texas increased 399%, from 333 deaths in 2019 to 1,662 deaths in 2021. And as mentioned earlier, most people who ingested "their substance of choice" had no idea it was laced with the synthetic opioid.

Drug dealers and suppliers often cut illicit drugs with substances like fentanyl to increase potency and profit margins. This has created a dangerous and unpredictable drug market in Texas, where individuals unknowingly risk their lives every time they use drugs.

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What's Being Done to Combat the Fentanyl Crisis?

The recent push for the legalization of fentanyl testing strips in Texas is part of a larger effort to combat the ongoing opioid crisis in the state. Like many other states, Texas has seen a surge in fentanyl-related deaths in recent years, and lawmakers are looking for solutions to this crisis. 

In response to the opioid epidemic, the state launched the "Texas Fights Fentanyl" campaign in 2021 to raise awareness about the dangers of fentanyl and promote prevention efforts. Furthermore, on April 11th, 2023, the Texas House of Representatives overwhelmingly voted to legalize fentanyl testing strips, with the bill now heading to the Senate for approval.  

The bill, authored by Rep. Tom Oliverson, R-Harris County, would allow the sale and distribution of fentanyl testing strips to the public, which can help individuals test their drugs for the presence of fentanyl. 

If the bill is passed, it would mean that drug users could test their drugs for fentanyl before consuming them, potentially saving countless lives. Employers could also use fentanyl testing strips to test their employees for drug use, particularly in industries where safety is a concern. 

Are Fentanyl Testing Strips Banned in Texas?

Unfortunately, at the moment, these strips are classified as paraphernalia and are, therefore, illegal for people to perform tests for recreational use. This legal classification has limited the availability and accessibility of these life-saving testing strips, leaving many individuals at risk of accidental fentanyl poisoning.

Accessing Fentanyl Test Strips in TX

Currently, fentanyl test strips are banned in Texas, and carrying them is a crime. However, if you are a healthcare professional or a law enforcement agency looking to purchase fentanyl test strips for legitimate purposes, you may be able to obtain them from your local health department, needle exchange program, community-based organization, or online retailers that specialize in drug testing products. Some reputable companies that sell fentanyl test strips include bankpolice.com, amazon, and dancesafe.org. 

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More Drug Overdose Prevention Strategies

Fentanyl testing strips is just one tool in the toolbox of effective drug overdose prevention strategies. Other strategies include the following:

As the fentanyl crisis continues to devastate communities in Texas and across the United States, it's essential to take action to protect yourself and your loved ones. A critical tool in this fight is fentanyl testing strips, which can help identify the presence of this dangerous drug in other substances.

However, these strips are not foolproof and should be used with other harm reduction strategies, such as seeking professional addiction treatment.

If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction, we highly recommend seeking the help of a reputable treatment center like More Than Rehab. Our experienced and compassionate team can provide the support and guidance needed to overcome addiction and start on the path to recovery. We offer various services, including detox, inpatient and outpatient, and mental health services. Remember, addiction is a disease, but it is treatable.

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How Prescription Drugs Helped Fuel the Drug Overdose Epidemic

The opioid epidemic is a serious public health crisis that has been ravaging communities in the United States for years. While many of us may associate illicit drugs such as heroin with causing drug overdoses, prescription drugs have also played a significant role in this devastating trend. The widespread availability and ease of obtaining these medications, combined with their powerful strength and addictive properties, have resulted in an alarming rise in overdose deaths due to prescription drug misuse.

Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's statistics indicate about 107,622 drug overdose deaths in the US during 2021. Synthetic opioids like fentanyl were responsible for a large portion of the deaths, accounting for 71,238 deaths. But prescription opioids (such as oxycodone and hydrocodone) were also major contributors to the crisis. According to the CDC, natural or semi-synthetic drugs accounted for 13,722 overdose deaths in 2020 and 13,503 in 2021.

These deaths were attributed mainly to over-prescribing opioid painkillers like OxyContin, which has led to numerous cases of physical dependence and addiction. In 2016, the CDC issued a national guideline on pain management to help improve appropriate opioid prescribing and minimize opioid-related risks. The guideline got a lot of support from Americans, especially in two key elements: advising physicians to issue less than a three-day supply of opioid painkillers for acute pain and trying other treatment options before considering opioids for chronic pain.

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Understanding Prescription Drugs Misuse

Prescription drugs are obtained with a doctor's prescription. They treat medical conditions, including pain, anxiety, and depression. However, they can also be abused due to their powerful effects.

Prescription drugs, like any other drug, can lead to substance use disorders as an unintended consequence. It is well-documented that these medications can be highly addictive and are major risk factors for people developing opioid use disorder.

The false sense of safety that comes with obtaining these medications from a doctor or pharmacy can lead some people to take them in ways they weren't prescribed. For example, they will:

Besides, since many people store these drugs in the medicine cabinet, they can be easily accessible to others, including young people. This increases the risk of them being taken and abused without the supervision of a healthcare professional. Taking someone else's medication can lead to dangerous side effects and death.

How Prescription Drug Abuse Contributes to the Overdose Crisis

Prescription painkiller abuse has become a major contributor to the overdose crisis in the United States. These drugs are often prescribed for legitimate medical conditions, such as pain management or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, when used improperly or for non-medical reasons, they can lead to substance use disorders, addiction, and even overdose deaths.

There are several ways in which prescription drugs like Oxycontin, Adderall, etc., contribute to the overdose crisis:

One of the ways is through the development of opioid dependence. People prescribed opioids for an injury or chronic pain may start to rely on them for relief, leading to a physical dependence on the drug. As their tolerance builds, they may need to take higher doses to achieve the same level of pain relief, increasing their risk of overdose.

Another way is through the use of street drugs. When people become dependent on prescription opioids and cannot obtain them, they may turn to street drugs like heroin to manage their withdrawal symptoms. Heroin is often cheaper and more readily available than prescription opioids, making it an attractive option for those struggling with addiction. However, street drugs are often more potent and can lead to a higher risk of overdose.

Polydrug use is also an issue, particularly when people combine opioids with alcohol or other sedatives. This practice often increases the risk of overdose and can be deadly.

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Who is to Blame for the Opioid Crisis?

It's important to note that the misuse of prescription drugs is not solely the patient's fault. Physicians have been criticized for overprescribing opioids, with some labeled as "pill mill doctors." They were seen as contributors to the crisis due to their over-reliance on opioid prescriptions to manage pain rather than exploring alternative treatments.

Pharmaceutical companies such as Purdue Pharmaceuticals have also been blamed for the crisis. Purdue, the real co-conspirator, was accused of downplaying the risks of addiction and exaggerating the benefits of OxyContin. It was also blamed for aggressively marketing the drug to physicians and misleading the public about the safety of its products.

The third guilty party is the American Pain Society, with its "pain as the 5th vital sign" campaign. This campaign promoted the idea that pain should be treated as a vital sign, like temperature, pulse, etc. However, it didn't come with any device to objectively measure pain as the previous vital signs, pulse temperature, respiratory rate, and blood pressure.

The 5th vital sign campaign was the first and only subjective vital sign. It led to a significant increase in opioid prescriptions, as doctors were pressured to treat patients' pain more aggressively.

Fourth on the list of blame is the Joint Commission. In 2001, it issued a mandate that required hospitals to use pain scales to evaluate patients' pain.

The commission also published a pain management guide that downplayed doctors' concerns about opioid addiction, tolerance, and risk of death. Additionally, it framed pain management as a patient's rights issue, increasing the pressure to prescribe opioids. Purdue Pharma sponsored this guide. 

Press Ganey is the fifth guilty party on the list. This company helped develop patient satisfaction surveys. The results of these surveys were then used to rank hospitals.

Then enters, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a mandate to hospitals in 2002. The mandate threatened their Medicare reimbursement if patient satisfaction scores didn't meet specific standards. Patient satisfaction was based on surveys that included them scoring their satisfaction with pain control.

Inevitably, hospital administrators made it to the blame list. With CMS' mandate, hospital administrators felt pressure to increase patient satisfaction scores by any means necessary. So they started to pressure doctors to prescribe more opioids for pain management and patient satisfaction. This eventually led to overprescribing and misuse of opioids.

prescription-painkiller -substance-abuse-medicine-cabinet-side-effects-long-term-public-health-Purdue-Pharma-Sackler-Family-state-court-cases

Prescription Drugs Lawsuits

Numerous lawsuits have been filed against major pharmaceutical companies and high-profile figures concerning the opioid epidemic. One notable example is the lawsuit against Purdue Pharma, the maker of OxyContin. The company and members of the Sackler family, who owned Purdue, have been accused of aggressively marketing OxyContin while downplaying the risks of addiction, leading to the widespread abuse of the drug and the opioid epidemic.

In 2019, Purdue Pharma pleaded guilty to federal criminal charges and settled with the Department of Justice. The company and the Sackler family agreed to pay $8 billion in fines and penalties.

States and municipalities have also sued Johnson & Johnson, Teva, and Endo International over their role in the opioid epidemic. In 2021, Johnson & Johnson was ordered to pay $572 million in a landmark opioid trial in Oklahoma and is currently facing lawsuits in several other states.

Teva has settled with New York for $523 million and is working to finalize a nationwide settlement valued at more than $4.2 billion. And Endo which has now filed for bankruptcy has agreed to pay $450 million to support the treatment and prevention of opioid abuse. 

Opioid Abuse Treatment

More Than Rehab offers a range of treatment options to help those struggling with opioid addiction and substance abuse break the cycle and achieve long-term sobriety. The treatment center provides an array of evidence-based therapies, including individual and group counseling, medication-assisted treatment (MAT), relapse prevention training, and more.

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Is the Fentanyl Vaccine Real? How Do I Get One?

At a time when drug overdose is quickly becoming an epidemic in the United States, researchers at the University of Houston are hard at work on a solution that could save countless lives. They're developing a vaccine for fentanyl, an opioid linked to numerous fatal overdoses. This fentanyl vaccine could be a major game changer in the deadly drug overdose epidemic that has been sweeping the nation.

This groundbreaking research seeks to create antibodies that will bind to the drug and block its ability to produce feelings of euphoria and cause an overdose. If this vaccine is successful, it will offer a powerful solution for people suffering from addiction and those at risk of accidental overdose.

But is this vaccine real, and how does one get it? In this article, we'll explore the progress of the research at the University of Houston and answer those questions. We'll also discuss how this new approach to overdose prevention differs from treatments such as Naloxone or Buprenorphine and why a publicly available vaccine may not be available for many years.

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Understanding the Fentanyl Vaccine

The University of Houston is leading the way in research on a fentanyl vaccine that could potentially save lives. The vaccine would work by creating antibodies that will bind to the dangerous synthetic drug and prevent it from entering the brain, drastically reducing its ability to produce feelings of euphoria.

The research published on Pharmaceutics found that the vaccine was effective in lab rats and didn't cause adverse side effects. In the study, both male and female rats that got immunized produced high levels of anti-fentanyl antibodies that neutralized fentanyl-induced effects. The vaccine also reduced the levels of fentanyl in the brain after drug administration and prevented the drop in measures like heart rate and oxygen saturation. 

According to one researcher, these findings could have a significant impact on the opioid crisis that has been crippling the country for years. The vaccine could provide an effective, sustainable and long-lasting solution to the opioid epidemic.

It prevents the most desired effects of the drug (getting high) and allows the drug to be eliminated from the body through the kidneys. And seeing there were no adverse side effects in the immunized rats in the studies, the research team plans on producing a clinical-grade vaccine in the future, with clinical trials on humans ensuing after. 

A Timely Help for the Fentanyl Crisis in the US

The potential for a fentanyl vaccine to save lives is immense. As the opioid crisis continues to widen, more and more people are becoming addicted to this powerful synthetic drug. A vaccine would offer an effective solution for people suffering from substance use disorders, those at risk of accidental overdose, and those in recovery.

In 2021, the Centers for Diseases Control reported 107,622 overdose deaths in the United States, with opioids accounting for over 75% of these fatalities. According to the CDC, opioid overdose cases increased from 70,029 in 2020 to 80,816 in 2021.

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Synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl, were responsible for most of these fatalities. Fentanyl is a potent painkiller similar to morphine but 50 to 100 times more powerful. It has been linked to numerous overdose deaths and is increasingly becoming one of the most dangerous drugs in the country.

How is the Fentanyl Vaccine Different from Naloxone or Buprenorphine?

The fentanyl vaccine is different from maintenance treatments like naloxone or buprenorphine because it works by creating antibodies in the body that will bind to the dangerous synthetic drug, blocking its ability to produce feelings of euphoria and cause an overdose. Naloxone and buprenorphine, on the other hand, work by blocking or partially blocking opioid receptors. As a result, they are often used to reduce cravings and withdrawals in patients in recovery.

How Buprenorphine Works

Buprenorphine is an opioid agonist that stimulates the same receptors as opioids, such as heroin or fentanyl. This medication binds to the same receptors as opioids, producing similar effects but with much lower potency. This means that buprenorphine can block or partially block the feelings of intense euphoria caused by opioids while also reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms.

How Naloxone Works

Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist that binds to the same receptors as opioids but with much higher potency. This means that it can completely block the effects of opioids, making it an essential medication for reversing opioid overdose. When administered on time, naloxone can rapidly reverse the effects of opioids, restoring normal respiration.

Unlike naloxone and buprenorphine, the fentanyl vaccine does not work by blocking the opioid receptors in the body. Instead, it stimulates the body's immune response to produce antibodies that bind to fentanyl molecules and block their effects. This means that those who get the vaccine won't feel high while using fentanyl and might therefore stop using the drug altogether.

It's important to note that the vaccine is still in its early stages of development and will take years before it's available on the market. Addiction treatment is currently the best way to prevent an overdose. Besides, some experts have pointed out that while the scientific breakthrough discovery is incredible and innovative, it is not a silver bullet to address the drug addiction crisis. That is to say, the vaccine mainly focuses on fentanyl's impact on the brain, yet environmental and social pressures also contribute to addiction.

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Addiction Treatment

Addiction treatment is the best way to prevent an overdose, manage withdrawal symptoms and treat substance abuse. It typically involves a combination of medications, behavioral therapies, and support groups. In many cases, family members are also included in addiction treatment plans and may help provide support and accountability.

At More Than Rehab, we understand that addiction is a complex issue and requires comprehensive treatment. We offer a range of treatments, including individual and group counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, group therapy relapse prevention, medication-assisted treatment, and 12-step programs. We also provide comprehensive aftercare services to ensure a successful recovery.

If you or someone you love is struggling with addiction, please contact us today to learn more about our services. We are here to help.

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Why Are Opiates Like Heroin So Addictive? 

Opiates are a class of drugs that include both illegal drugs such as heroin and prescription medications such as morphine and codeine. Made from the poppy plant, these powerful substances work by binding to receptors in the brain, triggering feelings of euphoria and reducing pain.

While opiates have long been used for their therapeutic properties, they are also widely abused for recreational use. In fact, opiates are some of the most commonly abused drugs in the United States, with heroin addiction rates skyrocketing in recent years.

According to the National Survey in Drug Use and Health 2019 report, 10.1 million people aged 12 or older misused opioids. 9.7 million misused prescription pain relievers, and 745,000 people used heroin. Sadly, overdose deaths involving opioids increased from about 70,029 in 2020 to 80,816 in 2021.

Most of these overdose deaths involved synthetic opioids like fentanyl, which is now often added to street heroin to increase its potency. Fentanyl is 50 to 100 times more powerful than morphine, making it extremely dangerous and highly addictive.

Chasing the Heroin High

The powerful effects of heroin are impossible to resist for many people. Once someone takes the drug for the first time, they quickly become hooked on its potent high and find themselves chasing that feeling over and over again. This process is fueled by different aspects of addiction, like withdrawal symptoms, tolerance, and cravings.

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Withdrawal symptoms set in when a person stops using heroin or reduces their dosage. These symptoms can be both mental and physical and vary in intensity. They can include everything from anxiety and irritability to nausea and diarrhea. In some cases, heroin withdrawal symptoms can be so severe that they lead people back to drug use to get rid of the uncomfortable feelings.

Tolerance occurs when a person needs increasingly larger doses of heroin to get the same effects. As tolerance builds, people start to experience withdrawal symptoms more often, even if they're still using the drug. This can create a never-ending cycle of addiction in which people are constantly chasing that initial high while also trying to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

Cravings are another major factor in heroin addiction. These strong desires for the drug can be triggered by anything from seeing drug paraphernalia to hearing someone mention heroin use. Cravings are often so intense that they lead people to use heroin, even when trying to quit.

Ultimately, these factors leave little room for choice or willpower on the part of the person abusing heroin. Instead, they become driven by a compulsion to abuse this dangerous drug in an attempt to recreate that initial euphoric rush again and again.

Understanding Heroin Addiction and How it Happens

At the chemical level, heroin is very similar to opioids like morphine and codeine. Like these drugs, it works by activating opioid receptors in the brain and triggering the release of large amounts of dopamine. This flood of dopamine produces a potent sense of euphoria, which is why so many people are drawn to heroin in the first place.

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However, this intense pleasure also causes addiction to develop and flourish. In the long term, repeated heroin use causes changes in the brain that make it difficult to experience normal feelings of happiness or pleasure without using the drug. This drives people to continue abusing heroin even when they are fully aware of its harmful effects.

In addition, repeated exposure to heroin can lead to tolerance and dependence, both physical and psychological factors that severely complicate the recovery process. Heroin withdrawal issues are persistent and difficult to overcome.

Eventually, one develops an addiction and cannot live without the drug. This is when people start doing things they would never have done before to get their hands on heroin. They may steal from family or friends, lie, cheat, or engage in other illegal activities to get money to buy more drugs. Heroin addiction can happen in less than a week, depending on the frequency of use and purity.

Risk Factors for Heroin Addiction

When most people start abusing opioids like heroin, they assume they're in control and can handle it without getting addicted. But like other mental health issues, substance use disorder can take over a person's life without warning. Some people are more vulnerable to addiction than others, and certain risk factors can make someone more likely to develop a problem with heroin. These include: 

1.    Family history of addiction or mental illness

2.    Childhood trauma or abuse

3.    Previous substance abuse

4.    Mental health disorders like depression or anxiety

5.    A difficult or abusive home life

6.    Peer pressure or a desire to fit in

7.    Access to drugs

8.    Curiosity about drugs

Treatment for Opioid Addiction

Treatment is essential if you or someone you love is addicted to opioids like heroin. Opioid addiction is a serious condition that can lead to overdose and death, but there is hope. With the right treatment plan, people can recover from drug addiction and go on to lead happy, healthy, and productive lives.

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Heroin addiction treatment often consists of detox, followed by rehabilitation and therapy. Detox is the first step in treatment and involves getting rid of all traces of the drug from the body. This can be a difficult and uncomfortable process, but it is necessary on the road to recovery and long-term sobriety.

After detox, people usually enter a rehabilitation program. Rehabilitation programs can last for 30 days or more, and they typically involve group and individual therapy, support groups, and other activities designed to help people recover from addiction. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a common approach used in heroin addiction treatment, as it can help people change the thoughts and behaviors that lead to drug abuse. 

Patients with dual diagnosis, meaning they suffer from both addiction and another mental health disorder, may need to receive treatment for both conditions at the same time. This is because treating one condition without the other can often make relapse prevention difficult.

Heroin is an extremely addictive drug. If you or someone close is struggling with a heroin addiction, More Than Rehab is always there to help. Give us a call. We are available 24/7, 365 days a year.

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